濟(jì)南自動(dòng)變速箱作為汽車(chē)傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的核心部件，由多個(gè)精密配件協(xié)同工作，確保動(dòng)力傳遞的平穩(wěn)與高效，其主要配件可分為核心傳動(dòng)部件、液壓控制部件、電子控制部件及輔助部件等類別。

　　As the core component of the automotive transmission system, Jinan automatic transmission is composed of multiple precision parts that work together to ensure smooth and efficient power transmission. Its main components can be divided into core transmission components, hydraulic control components, electronic control components, and auxiliary components.

　　核心傳動(dòng)部件是實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)換的關(guān)鍵。其中，液力變矩器通過(guò)液體傳遞動(dòng)力，能緩沖發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與變速箱之間的沖擊，使起步更加平穩(wěn)；行星齒輪組由太陽(yáng)輪、行星輪和齒圈組成，通過(guò)不同的組合方式實(shí)現(xiàn)多個(gè)擋位的切換，滿足車(chē)輛在不同速度下的動(dòng)力需求；離合器和制動(dòng)器則負(fù)責(zé)控制行星齒輪組的鎖止與分離，實(shí)現(xiàn)擋位的精準(zhǔn)轉(zhuǎn)換，這些部件的精度直接影響變速箱的換擋平順性。

　　The core transmission components are the key to achieving power conversion. Among them, the hydraulic torque converter transmits power through liquid, which can buffer the impact between the engine and gearbox, making the start smoother; The planetary gear set consists of a sun gear, planetary gears, and ring gears, which can be switched between multiple gears through different combinations to meet the power requirements of the vehicle at different speeds; The clutch and brake are responsible for controlling the locking and disengagement of the planetary gear set, achieving precise gear shifting. The accuracy of these components directly affects the smoothness of gear shifting in the gearbox.

　　液壓控制部件在變速箱運(yùn)行中起到調(diào)節(jié)作用。液壓泵為整個(gè)液壓系統(tǒng)提供壓力油，確保液壓元件正常工作；閥體是液壓控制的 “中樞”，通過(guò)不同油路的切換控制油液流向離合器、制動(dòng)器等部件，實(shí)現(xiàn)擋位變化；液壓管路負(fù)責(zé)輸送液壓油，其密封性至關(guān)重要，若出現(xiàn)泄漏會(huì)導(dǎo)致變速箱壓力不足，影響正常運(yùn)行。

　　Hydraulic control components play a regulating role in the operation of the gearbox. The hydraulic pump provides pressure oil for the entire hydraulic system, ensuring the normal operation of hydraulic components; The valve body is the "center" of hydraulic control, which controls the flow of oil to components such as clutches and brakes through the switching of different oil circuits, achieving gear changes; The hydraulic pipeline is responsible for transporting hydraulic oil, and its sealing is crucial. If there is a leak, it will cause insufficient transmission pressure and affect normal operation.

　　電子控制部件是現(xiàn)代自動(dòng)變速箱的 “大腦”。傳感器包括車(chē)速傳感器、節(jié)氣門(mén)位置傳感器、油溫傳感器等，實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)車(chē)輛運(yùn)行狀態(tài)并將信號(hào)傳遞給電子控制單元（ECU）；ECU 根據(jù)傳感器信號(hào)計(jì)算出最佳擋位，向液壓控制部件發(fā)出指令；執(zhí)行器則接收 ECU 的信號(hào)，控制液壓閥的動(dòng)作，實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)換擋，電子控制部件的精準(zhǔn)度能顯著提升變速箱的響應(yīng)速度與燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性。

　　Electronic control components are the 'brain' of modern automatic transmissions. Sensors include speed sensors, throttle position sensors, oil temperature sensors, etc., which monitor the vehicle's operating status in real time and transmit signals to the electronic control unit (ECU); ECU calculates the optimal gear based on sensor signals and sends commands to hydraulic control components; The actuator receives signals from the ECU, controls the action of hydraulic valves, and achieves automatic shifting. The precision of electronic control components can significantly improve the response speed and fuel economy of the gearbox.

　　輔助部件雖不直接參與動(dòng)力傳遞，但對(duì)變速箱的正常運(yùn)行不可或缺。變速箱油液不僅起到潤(rùn)滑作用，還能傳遞液壓壓力、冷卻部件，其品質(zhì)和油量需定期檢查更換；油底殼用于儲(chǔ)存油液并保護(hù)內(nèi)部部件，底部的濾網(wǎng)可過(guò)濾油液中的雜質(zhì)，防止污染物進(jìn)入精密部件造成磨損；密封件則保證變速箱的密封性，防止油液泄漏和外界雜質(zhì)侵入。

　　Although auxiliary components do not directly participate in power transmission, they are indispensable for the normal operation of the gearbox. Transmission fluid not only provides lubrication, but also transmits hydraulic pressure and cools components. Its quality and oil level need to be checked and replaced regularly; The oil pan is used to store oil and protect internal components. The bottom filter can filter impurities in the oil to prevent pollutants from entering precision components and causing wear; Seals ensure the sealing of the gearbox, preventing oil leakage and external impurities from entering.

　　濟(jì)南自動(dòng)變速箱的各類配件相互配合，共同完成動(dòng)力傳遞、擋位切換等功能，任何一個(gè)配件出現(xiàn)故障都可能影響變速箱的整體性能，因此在日常使用中需注重保養(yǎng)，及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)并更換老化或損壞的配件，以延長(zhǎng)變速箱的使用壽命。

　　The various components of Jinan automatic transmission cooperate with each other to complete functions such as power transmission and gear shifting. Any malfunction of any component may affect the overall performance of the transmission. Therefore, in daily use, it is necessary to pay attention to maintenance, timely detect and replace aging or damaged components, in order to extend the service life of the transmission.

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